Fuel proportioner for pneumatic injection arrangements in compression-ignition engines

ABSTRACT

A fuel proportioner having a body in which a cylindrical control element rotates, the control element having a passage therein into which fuel is introduced; the body has a pair of oppositely disposed fuel passages for introducing fuel into the passage of the control element and for removing excess fuel. A second pair of oppositely disposed passages are provided in the body, angularly positioned relative to the fuel passages, for introducing gas into the control element passage and for receiving the fuel and gas discharged therefrom. The control element is axially slidable to vary the quantity of fuel, and in alternate embodiments, the control element has either single or plural diametrically extending fuel passages. In a third embodiment, the passages of each pair are angularly spaced less than 180* , and each pair of body passages are oppositely disposed, the passage in the control element being plural, axially spaced segmentlike passages.

United States Patent [72] Inventor Stanislaw Jarnuszklewicz Swierczewskiego Str. 29/8, Krakow, Poland [2]] Appl. No. 839,968 [22] Filed July 8, 1969 [45] Patented Jan. 11, 1972 [54] FUEL PROPORTIONER FOR PNEUMATIC INJECTION ARRANGEMENTS IN COMPRESSION- IGNITION ENGINES 7 Claims, 8 Drawing Figs. [52] US. Cl 123/33 E, 123/30 E [51] Int. Cl ..F02m 67/02 [50] Field of Search 123/33, 26, 139, l39.l1, 139.13 [5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,290,374 1/1919 Shaw 123/33 1,609,386 12/1926 Steeter 123/33 l,960,243 5/1934 Guthrie Primary Examiner-Laurence M. Goodridge Attorney-Irvin A. Lavine ABSTRACT: A fuel proportioner having a body in which a cylindrical control element rotates, the control element having a passage therein into which fuel is introduced; the body has a pair of oppositely disposed fuel passages for introducing fuel into the passage of the control element and for removing excess fuel. A second pair of oppositely disposed passages are provided in the body, angularly positioned relative to the fuel passages, for introducing gas into the control element passage and for receiving the fuel and gas discharged therefrom. The control element is axially slidable to vary the quantity of fuel, and in alternate embodiments, the control element has either single or plural diametrically extending fuel passages. in a third embodiment, the passages of each pair are angularly spaced less than 180 and each pair of body passages are oppositely disposed, the passage in the control element being plural, axially spaced segmentlike passages.

PATENTED JAN] 1 I972 SHEET 2 BF 3 PATENTED JAN? 1 I972 SHEET 3 [IF 3 mvzpnoa I 017 fig. 8.

ATTORNEY FUEL PROPORTIONER FOR PNEUMATIC INJECTION ARRANGEMENTS IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES The present invention relates to a fuel proportioner for periodic pneumatic injection of fuel designed for use both in conventional piston engines as swirl piston-type engines.

The present art of fuel proportioners is based on a system of piston pumps whose pistons are used powered mechanically or hydraulically. These pumps are of intricate design and as such require a very high standard of manufacturing accuracy, and are very sensitive to seration they require expert servicing.

The present fuel proportioner is free of these imperfections since it has only one rotating moving element, ensures precision in fuel proportioning, and is cheap to manufacture and does not require high qualifications of the servicing personnel, being simultaneously insensitive to any danger of aeration.

The object of this invention is to provide a means for precision proportioning of fuel accomplished with the aid of a very straightforward-indesign and reliable-in-operation arrangement not requiring high precision in the standard of finish, expert servicing or adjustment, being also insensitive to aeration by its fuel supply system.

This object has been achieved by providing a fuel proportioner having a rotating control element and only one fuelproportioning space of variable controllable capacity, or plural fuel-proportioning spaces of constant capacity with the provisions for their sequential operativeness. This fuel-proportioning space or fuel-proportioning spaces of the control element come alternately during the latter's rotation in communication with fuel passages in the body of the proportioner, and with passages for injection-assisting gas in the proportioner body. The fuel proportioner for the pneumatic injection arrangements of compression-ignition engines in accordance with this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a fuel proportioner in longitudinal section side view with a fuel proportioning passage in vertical position;

FIG. 2 shows another sectional view of said fuel propor tioner taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows said fuel proportioner with the proportioning passage in horizontal position;

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of said fuel proportioner 'taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows a modified form of said fuel proportioner, the control element of which carries proportioning passages;

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of said fuel proportioner taken along line A-A ofFIG. 5;

FIG. 7 shows another modified form of said fuel proportioner wherein the control element has open spaces in the form of segment like grooves along the whole length of the control element surface; and

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal sectional view of said modified fuel proportioner taken along line A-A of FIG. 7.

The fuel proportioner according to the present invention comprises a body 1 of the proportioner with fuel feed passages 2 therein, fuel outlet passages 4 and gas inlet passages 3 and outlet passages 5 the gas that performs the injection operation. The body 1 accommodates a rotating control element 6 incorporating a proportioning space 8 whose volumetric capacity changes by sliding in, or sliding out of the bar 7 through the agency of cross head 16. At the instant the proportioning space 8 of the control element 6 comes during its rotation in communication with feed passages 2 and the outlet passages 4 for the fuel, said space becomes filled with the excess of which flows out through passage 4. With the return of element 6 to position where the proportioning space 8 communicates with the gas inlet passages 3 and outlet passages S for the gas performing the injection operation as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, said gas blows into the injection system a portion of fuel contained in the proportioning space 8 whereby the magnitude of fuel portion depends on the volumetric capacity of the fuel proportioning space 8.

In the modified form of the fuel proportioner according to this invention as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the rotating control element 6 has passages 8,9,10,11,12,]3 extending therethrough and communicating during rotation of the control element 6 alternately with fuel feed passages 2 and fuel outlet passages 4, as well as gas inlet passages 3 and outlet passages 5 for the gas performing the injection operation, whereby the number of said passages remaining in communication with said passages 2 and 4 and 3 and 5 is determinative of the magnitude of the fuel portion.

In the modified form of the fuel proportioner according to the invention as shown in FIG. 7 and in FIG. 8, the rotating control element 6 incorporates open segmentlike proportioning passages 8, 9, 10, ll, l2, l3, l4, l5 which during rotation of the control element 6 communicate with fuel inlet passages 2 and 4 and fuel outlet passages, and then after continued rotation they communicate with gas outlet passages 3 and outlet passage 5 the injection assisting gas, whereby the magnitude of the fuel portion depends on the number of passages remaining in communication with said passages 2 and 4 and 3 and 5. The pair of fuel passages 2 and 4 are angularly spaced less than 180 and the pair of passages 3 and 5 are opposite the passages 2 and 4 and are similarly angularly spaced.

The principle of operation of the fuel proportioner according to this invention lies in the fact that said proportioning space 8 or said proportioning passages 8, 9, 10, 11, I2, l3, l4, 15 when coming in communication with the fuel-inlet passages 2 and fuel outlet passages 4 become filled with the fuel flowing under pressure from said passage 2 with excess flowing out by passage 4.

As a result of the rotating control element 6 the proportioning space 8, or the proportioning passages 8; 9; l0; l1; l2; l3; l4; 15 come in alignment with the air inlet passages 3 and outlet passages 5 for the gas that injects said fuel into the injection system.

What is claimed is:

l. A fuel proportioner comprising:

a. a hollow body having a cylindrical bore therein,

b. liquid fuel inlet passage means extending from the exterior of said body to said bore,

c. liquid fuel outlet passage means circumferentially spaced from said fuel inlet passage means extending from said bore to the exterior of said body,

(1. gas inlet passage means extending from the exterior of said body to said bore,

e. outlet passage means circumferentially spaced from said gas inlet passage means extending from said bore to the exterior of said body, and I f. a continuously rotating cylindrical control element journaled in said bore, said control element comprising passage means therein for sequentially connecting first said fuel inlet passage means with said fuel outlet passage means and then said gas inlet passage means with said outlet passage means.

2. The fuel proportioner of claim I, wherein said fuel passage means are in diametrically opposed relationship and said second-mentioned passage means are in diametrically opposed relationship and said passage means in said control element extending diametrically therethrough.

3. The fuel proportioner of claim 2, said control element passage means consisting of plural parallel and axially space passages, and means for axially sliding said control element.

4. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, said fuel passage means being angularly spaced less than I", said control element passage means being segmentlike.

5. The fuel proportioner of claim 4, said control element passage means consisting of plural segmentlike passages axially spaced, and means for axially sliding said control element.

6. The fuel proportioner of claim I, wherein said control element comprises two parts having spaced opposed surfaces defining said passage means therein, one said part being axially movable relative to the other part to thereby change the volume of said passage means, and means for sliding said one part axially.

7. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, wherein said passage means in said body have greater axial extent at said bore than on the exterior surface thereof. 

1. A fuel proportioner comprising: a. a hollow body having a cylindrical bore therein, b. liquid fuel inlet passage means extending from the exterior of said body to said bore, c. liquid fuel outlet passage means circumferentially spaced from said fuel inlet passage means extending from said bore to the exterior of said body, d. gas inlet passage means extending from the exterior of said body to said bore, e. outlet passage means circumferentially spaced from said gas inlet passage means extending from said bore to the exterior of said body, and f. a continuously rotating cylindrical control element journaled in said bore, said control element comprising passage means therein for sequentially connecting first said fuel inlet passage means with said fuel outlet passage means and then said gas inlet passage means with said outlet passage means.
 2. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, wherein said fuel passage means are in diametrically opposed relationship and said second-mentioned passage means are in diametrically opposed relationship and said passage means in said control element extending diametrically therethrough.
 3. The fuel proportioner of claim 2, said control element passage means consisting of plural parallel and axially space passages, and means for axially sliding said control element.
 4. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, said fuel passage means being angularly spaced less than 180* , said control element passage means being segmentlike.
 5. The fuel proportioner of claim 4, said control element passage means consisting of plural segmentlike passages axially spaced, and means for axially sliding said control element.
 6. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, wherein said control element comprises two parts having spaced opposed surfaces defining said passage means therein, one said part being axially movable relative to the other part to thereby change the volume of said passage means, and means for sliding said one part axially.
 7. The fuel proportioner of claim 1, wherein said passage means in said body have greater axial extent at said bore than on the exterior surface thereof. 